Questionnaire for ocd pdf download

Dashed items refer to items excluded from reduced revisions of questionnaires. Items retained in the Obsessive Beliefs Questionnaire This study found that, tor is highly sensitive to sample size, worsening in larger with the exception of hoarding symptoms, OCD was best samples; note that the CFI would marginally improve conceptualized as dimensional rather than categorical.

Sim- Jackson, Examination of model parameters degrees ilarly, the belief domains measured by the OBQ were also of freedom also suggests that Wu and Carter tested a found to be dimensional. On balance, these results are con- item scale rather than the item scale in their CFA. In the present study, our aim was to provide a theoretically robust and empirically justifiable factor structure for the OBQ Although a number of previous studies have been Method conducted, none have gained prominence as a representa- Participants tion of the OBQ, leading to the danger that a measure that once had as strength the cooperation between researchers in The Australian study included community participants its development, may become fragmented in its use.

The community multiple exploratory methods as well as confirmatory meth- participants had an average of The responses of these participants ses, we first examined the structure using an EFA. To provide were deemed to be invalid and they were removed, leaving additional information regarding the hierarchical and 1, participants.

CFAs in the second half of the Australian sample and in the The Israeli sample consisted of participants. Of the independent Israeli sample. Finally, we report on the rela- The use of nonclinical populations within research on Most participants were born in Israel Such studies follow the findings Europe Educationally, Two university education.

Furthermore, Most participants The first study examined the three self-reported that they were of low or very low socioeco- OBQ-beliefs along with three OCD symptom dimensions nomic status.

More recently, the is a item self-report measure of cognitions Downloaded from asm. The Israeli sample research program. Australian student participants were answered a Hebrew translation of the OBQ, which had recruited through advertisements in the first-year psychology undergone standard backtranslation procedures to ensure Research Participation Program and received course credit for fidelity. The classrooms and in groups of 3 to All partici- compulsive behaviors, measured on a 5-point Likert-type pants provided informed written consent.

Australian scale. Previous studies have shown patients with OCD diagnosed through clinical interviews to score sig- Results nificantly higher on the scale and subscales e.

A small number of values were miss- The scale has adequate test—retest stability over a ing for each OBQ item. To examine the potential influence of outliers, in for 2, samples,. For the subscales, alpha ranged from. The Beck Depression Inven- compared. Items are rated from 0 e.

Mean values, SD, skewness, and kurtosis statistics for The BDI-II is a reliable and well-validated measure of each OBQ item in the exploratory Australia data set are depressive symptoms, with good test—retest reliability at a indicated in Table 2.

Given the disagreement in the literature over EFA highlights structure consistent with items being a the structure of the OBQ, the combination of these explor- function of latent factors; MDS highlights spatial structures atory methods provided multiples lenses through which the whereas HCA highlights hierarchical structure such as structure of the OBQ could be viewed.

These exploratory Downloaded from asm. The EFA was performed on R. Polychoric U. Poly- U. Statistics indicated that the cor- P. To determine the number of factors to I. Therefore, we examined the solutions with three to R. From examination of the interpretability of the T.

In contrast, the five-factor solution returned a fifth T. Following Wu Figure 1. Factors corresponded to a importance of thoughts. Numbers refer to item numbers in OBQ Examination of the dendrogram sug- which provides a visual representation of similarity for gested that four clusters were appropriate see Figure 1. The clusters corresponded to a Responsibility, b Perfec- Through such diagrams, clustering solutions are formed tionism and certainty, c Importance of and control of based on visual examination at the point where a large jump thoughts, d Threat.

One threat and one responsibility item 39, 69 formed in the Exploratory Australian data set. Alternative measures a subgroup within the threat cluster. MDS attempts to analysis at this point was not to shorten the scale, a conser- reproduce the distances between objects in some lower vative approach was taken to removing items.

Thus, the dimensional space. The two- or three-dimensional model perfectionism and uncertainty items 31, 32 and 35 were often presents a useful picture of spatial structure in the removed on the basis of a inconsistency in placing of relationship between items.

Items and b the MDS solution indicating a separation between that lie between larger groupings may represent items with these items and the other perfectionism items. The respon- content that overlaps two domains. Items that are distant sibility item 67 was also removed for similar reasons, from the main structure may be poorly represented by the leaving 40 items in our initial revision of the scale see main factors.

Table 1. The perfectionism and diagonally weighted least squares DWLS estimation and uncertainty items tended to overlap and be distinct from an oblique rotation was performed using LISREL in the other items, with a similar distinct grouping for the items Exploratory Australian data set to determine whether fur- relating to the importance of, and need to control thoughts.

DWLS estimation has been However, three perfectionism and uncertainty items Items found to perform adequately with polychoric matrices in 31, 32, 35 were distinct from the remaining grouping, having moderate sample sizes, and unlike other estimation tech- a similar distance to responsibility.

Cunningham, The distinct grouping of perfec- CFAs. The major point of contention pening. Given that these items also were distinct from the appears to be the assigning of the threat items, which may other items within their grouping in the MDS, they were reflect their central position in the MDS solution: The dropped from the scale.

This item scale formed the final OCCWG combined these items with the responsibil- solution for examination. Myers et al. Summary of exploratory analyses and exploratory CFA. From consideration of the exploratory analyses and past studies, Confirmatory Analyses the following decisions were made with respect to the factor The final confirmatory analyses were performed separately structure of the OBQ.

The four previous Downloaded from asm. Solution rotated degrees. By such conventions, our model fit TRIP fit best on all four indices. The fit statistics for our satisfactorily in the Confirmatory Australian sample on all model were also satisfactory in absolute terms. Satorra—Bentler scaled chi-square reported. Exactly what someone with OCD may feel compelled to do will depend upon the meaning their intrusions have for them. Examples of compulsions might include:.

Intrusive thoughts, even very unpleasant ones, are common and entirely normal. What seems to happen in OCD is that the fact of having intrusive thoughts is interpreted as being especially significant and, as a result, is especially anxiety-provoking. People with OCD are more likely to feel especially responsible for any potential harms and may feel especially strong emotion should they have intrusive thoughts about harm occurring.

Compulsions are understood to be an active attempt to reduce harm. According to the cognitive model of OCD targets for intervention include:.

Obsessive-compulsive disorder OCD is characterized by intrusive thoughts, images, urges, or impulses that are interpreted as threating obsessions. Cognitive and behavioral approaches including exposure, response prevention, and behavioral experiments are effective treatments for OCD. This page also includes resources for body dysmorphic disorder BDD.

Read more. Behavioral Experiment Behavioral experiments are planned experiential activities to test the validity of a belief. They are one of the most powerful techniques available to Behavioral Experiment Portrait Format Behavioral experiments allow individuals to test the validity of their beliefs and assumptions.

They are a core experiential technique for therapeutic This information handout contains an exercise helpful Intolerance of uncertainty is a risk factor for the deve Many behaviors associated with G This CBT worksheet guides therapists Exposure Practice Form Exposure is an effective treatment for many forms of anxiety.

Habituation The Habituation information sheets are designed to help clinicians to explain the concept of habituation and its role in exposure therapy. Let me know if you still have a problem. Hi, thanks so much for the comprehensive resources.

I'm looking forward to being able to use them! Hi, First off, I came across your site and wanted to say thanks for providing a great OCD resource to the community. Best wishes James. It's a pleasure, Clare The British Journal of Clinical Psychology, 43, — Reliability and validity of the Padua Inventory Moritz, M. Dimensional in an Iranian population. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 43, 43— Psychiatry Goodman, W.

Evaluation of an Goodman, W. Cognitive et al. Archives of General Psychiatry, 46, — Richter, M. A comparison of three assessment Grisham, J. The distinctive- instruments for obsessive-compulsive symptoms.

Journal of Behavior Therapy and ness of compulsive hoarding from obsessive-compulsive disorder. Journal of Experimental Psychiatry, 25, — Anxiety Disorders, 19, — Sanavio, E. Obsessions and Compulsions: the Padua Inventory. Behaviour Hasler, G. Obsessive-compulsive disorder. In: D. Barlow relationships to psychiatric comorbidity. Psychiatry Research, , — New York: Guilford Press. Compulsive hoarding: current status of the research. Cognitive Behaviour Therapy, 29, 49— Clinical Psychology Review, 23, — Kim, S.

The Yale-Brown Steketee, G. The Yale-Brown obsessive-compulsive scale: Obsessive Compulsive Scale: measures of internal consistency. Psychiatry Research, interview versus self-report.

Behaviour Research and Therapy, 34, — Summerfeldt, L. Symptom Kyrios, M. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 34, Taylor, S. Assessment of obsessions and compulsions: reliability, validity, and 85— Clinical Psychology Review, 15, — Leckman, J. Taylor, S. Assessment of obsessive-compulsive disorder. In: R. Swinson, M. Symptoms of obsessive-compulsive disorder. American Journal of Psychiatry, , Antony, J. Rachman Eds. Macdonald, A.

The assessment of obsessionality using the van Balkom, A.